記者潘(pan)瑾(jin)瑜 通訊(xun)員(yuan) 童巖于然(ran)
在(zai)全(quan)國第(di)46個“質量月”到來之際，9月11日，民(min)航局(ju)發(fa)布《運輸機(ji)場(chang)場(chang)道工(gong)程建(jian)設(she)質量檢測(ce)管理辦(ban)法(fa)》（以(yi)下簡稱《辦(ban)法(fa)》），旨在(zai)全(quan)面貫徹(che)黨的二十大精神，落實《質量強(qiang)(qiang)國建(jian)設(she)綱要》《交通(tong)強(qiang)(qiang)國建(jian)設(she)綱要》部署，增強(qiang)(qiang)民(min)航基礎(chu)設(she)施建(jian)設(she)領域質量意(yi)識，推進民(min)航專(zhuan)業工(gong)程高質量發(fa)展(zhan)
《辦法》包括總則、場(chang)道(dao)檢(jian)測(ce)活動管理(li)(li)、監(jian)督管理(li)(li)和附則4個章節(jie)，共(gong)計34個條款(kuan)，作為(wei)《運輸機場(chang)專業(ye)工程(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)設質量和安全生產監(jian)督管理(li)(li)規定(ding)》（CCAR-165-R1）的(de)配套(tao)規范性文件(jian)，對場(chang)道(dao)工程(cheng)(cheng)檢(jian)測(ce)參(can)建(jian)各方責任落實、檢(jian)測(ce)機構資質條件(jian)、檢(jian)測(ce)行為(wei)要(yao)求(qiu)和行業(ye)監(jian)管要(yao)求(qiu)等進行了詳細(xi)規定(ding)。
《辦法(fa)》明確了場道(dao)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測的(de)定義和范圍，將(jiang)(jiang)場道(dao)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測劃分(fen)為建設實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)和竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)驗(yan)(yan)收(shou)兩個(ge)階(jie)段(duan)，即過(guo)程(cheng)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測和驗(yan)(yan)收(shou)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測。過(guo)程(cheng)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測包括(kuo)(kuo)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)單位自檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)和試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測單位平(ping)行檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測，驗(yan)(yan)收(shou)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測包括(kuo)(kuo)竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)預(yu)驗(yan)(yan)收(shou)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測和竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)驗(yan)(yan)收(shou)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測。《辦法(fa)》還按(an)照(zhao)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)主體，將(jiang)(jiang)工(gong)(gong)地(di)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)室(shi)分(fen)為施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)單位設立的(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)室(shi)和試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測單位設立的(de)平(ping)行試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)室(shi)。
《辦法(fa)》明確了參建(jian)(jian)(jian)單(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)主體責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)，完善了場道工(gong)程質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)體系(xi)，明確了參與檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)活動的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設、施工(gong)、監理、試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)等(deng)單(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)義務(wu)。根據《辦法(fa)》，建(jian)(jian)(jian)設單(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)承擔工(gong)程質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)首要責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)，應(ying)(ying)當加(jia)強對其(qi)他參建(jian)(jian)(jian)單(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)有關質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)行為的(de)(de)管理；施工(gong)單(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)和試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)單(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)在施工(gong)自檢(jian)(jian)和平行檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)過程中承擔質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)主體責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)，應(ying)(ying)當對檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)結果(guo)的(de)(de)真實性、客觀(guan)性、準確性負責(ze)(ze)；監理單(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)承擔工(gong)程質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)控制責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)，應(ying)(ying)當嚴格監理施工(gong)單(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)和試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)單(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)行為，并依據檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)結果(guo)進(jin)行質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)分析和控制。
《辦法》明(ming)確(que)了檢(jian)測機(ji)(ji)構(gou)的(de)資(zi)(zi)(zi)質條件。從事場道工(gong)程(cheng)質量(liang)(liang)檢(jian)測的(de)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)應當具備住房和城鄉建設部頒發的(de)“建設工(gong)程(cheng)質量(liang)(liang)檢(jian)測機(ji)(ji)構(gou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)質”或者交通運輸部頒發的(de)“公路水運工(gong)程(cheng)質量(liang)(liang)檢(jian)測機(ji)(ji)構(gou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)質”，并在《建設工(gong)程(cheng)質量(liang)(liang)檢(jian)測機(ji)(ji)構(gou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)質標準》和《公路水運工(gong)程(cheng)試驗檢(jian)測機(ji)(ji)構(gou)等(deng)級標準》資(zi)(zi)(zi)質參數規(gui)定的(de)范圍內承攬場道檢(jian)測業務。
《辦法(fa)(fa)》從工(gong)地(di)試(shi)驗室設置、質(zhi)(zhi)量保證(zheng)體(ti)系運行(xing)(xing)、樣品(pin)和(he)檔案管(guan)理(li)、信息化建設等(deng)(deng)方面對(dui)工(gong)程檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)的行(xing)(xing)為(wei)要求(qiu)予以全(quan)面規范。《辦法(fa)(fa)》進一(yi)步規范了場道檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)過(guo)程中委托、取樣等(deng)(deng)檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)活動，要求(qiu)檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)機構建立檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)過(guo)程數(shu)據(ju)(ju)和(he)結(jie)果數(shu)據(ju)(ju)、檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)影像資(zi)料及檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)報(bao)告的記錄與留存制度(du)，保證(zheng)檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)行(xing)(xing)為(wei)的合規性、真(zhen)實(shi)性、客觀性、準確性；明確禁(jin)止檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)機構出具虛(xu)假檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)報(bao)告，超出資(zi)質(zhi)(zhi)從事檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)，轉(zhuan)包(bao)或(huo)者違法(fa)(fa)分包(bao)，出租、轉(zhuan)讓資(zi)質(zhi)(zhi)，違反(fan)強制性標(biao)準，使用不滿足要求(qiu)的人(ren)員或(huo)者設備等(deng)(deng)；明確禁(jin)止檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)人(ren)員出具虛(xu)假數(shu)據(ju)(ju)或(huo)者虛(xu)假判定結(jie)論(lun)，同(tong)時受聘于(yu)2家及以上檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)機構等(deng)(deng)。
《辦法》強化了(le)行業監(jian)(jian)管(guan)要求和社會(hui)監(jian)(jian)督(du)。《辦法》明確，民航行政機(ji)關及其委托的質量(liang)監(jian)(jian)督(du)機(ji)構對場(chang)道(dao)檢(jian)測(ce)活動實(shi)施監(jian)(jian)督(du)抽查的檢(jian)查內容(rong)、監(jian)(jian)督(du)措施，強調了(le)對違(wei)法違(wei)規行為的嚴肅(su)處理；對場(chang)道(dao)檢(jian)測(ce)活動中的違(wei)法違(wei)規行為，任何單位和個人有權向民航行政機(ji)關或者其委托的質量(liang)監(jian)(jian)督(du)機(ji)構投訴、舉報。
民航局(ju)機(ji)(ji)場(chang)司相關(guan)負責人表示，工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量檢(jian)測(ce)作為控制、驗證(zheng)和(he)評(ping)價(jia)場(chang)道工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量的重要手段，是工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量的“試金石”，是衡量工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量水(shui)平的“標尺”。下一步，民航局(ju)將組(zu)織(zhi)召開專題宣貫會(hui)對《辦法》進(jin)行深入解讀(du)，督促各參建(jian)單位認真落實(shi)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量主體(ti)責任，指導民航地區管理局(ju)和(he)民航質(zhi)監機(ji)(ji)構強化(hua)日常監督，切實(shi)提(ti)升民航專業工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)設(she)質(zhi)量水(shui)平，助(zhu)力(li)打造民用機(ji)(ji)場(chang)品(pin)質(zhi)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)。